A US government report on UFOs says defence and intelligence analysts lack sufficient data to determine the nature of mysterious flying objects observed by American military pilots including whether they are advanced earthly technologies, atmospherics or of an extraterrestrial origin.
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The unclassified nine-page report, released to Congress and the public on Friday, encompasses 144 observations - mostly from US Navy personnel - of what the government officially calls "unidentified aerial phenomenon," or UAP, dating to 2004.
The preliminary assessment was compiled by the Office of the Director of National Intelligence in conjunction with a navy-led task force created by the Pentagon last year.
"UAP clearly pose a safety of flight issue and may pose a challenge to US national security," the report says, adding the phenomena "probably lack a single explanation".
The report marked a turning point for the US government after the military spent decades deflecting, debunking and discrediting observations of unidentified flying objects and "flying saucers" dating to the 1940s.
The report includes some UAP cases that previously came to light in the Pentagon's release of video from naval aviators showing enigmatic aircraft off the US east and west coasts exhibiting speed and manoeuvrability exceeding known aviation technologies and lacking any visible means of propulsion or flight-control surfaces.
All but one of the listed sightings - an instance attributed to a large, deflating balloon - remain unexplained, subject to further analysis, the report said. For the other 143 cases, the report found too little data exists to conclude whether they represent some exotic aerial system developed either by a US government or commercial entity, or by a foreign power such as China or Russia.
In some observations, UAP appeared to exhibit "unusual patterns or flight characteristics", but those may stem from sensor glitches or witness misperceptions and "require additional rigorous analysis", the report says.
Analysts have yet to rule out an extraterrestrial origin, senior US officials told reporters, speaking on condition of anonymity. The report's language avoided explicit mentions of such possibilities.
Asked about potential alien explanations, one of the officials said: "That's not the purpose of the task force, to evaluate any sort of search for extraterrestrial life.
"Of the 144 reports we are dealing with here, we have no clear indications that there is any non-terrestrial explanation for them - but we will go wherever the data takes us."
The study documented 11 UAP near-misses reported by pilots and a small number of cases in which military aircraft "processed radio frequency energy associated with UAP sightings". Most reports also described objects that interrupted training or other US military exercises.
The task force focused on phenomena witnessed first-hand by military aviators, with 80 reports involving detection by multiple sensors. Most were from the past few years.
The report establishes five potential explanatory categories: airborne clutter, natural atmospheric phenomena, US government or American industry developmental programs, foreign adversary systems and a catch-all "other" category.
The senior official said the findings did not provide any "clear indications" that the UAP are part of a foreign intelligence-collection program or a major technological advancement by a potential adversary.
US senator Marco Rubio was instrumental in commissioning the report, which was ordered by Congress six months ago as part of broader intelligence legislation.
"For years, the men and women we trust to defend our country reported encounters with unidentified aircraft that had superior capabilities, and for years their concerns were often ignored and ridiculed," Rubio said.
"This report is an important first step in cataloging these incidents, but it is just a first step."
After the report's release, the Pentagon announced plans to "formalise" its UAP investigation mission currently handled by the task force.
Mick West, a UFO sceptic and researcher, said the "report points largely at boring explanations, even including birds and balloons, and identified some areas where we need to improve our data gathering".
Australian Associated Press
