The federal budget: What we know so far

THE BIG PICTURE

* With the COVID-19 pandemic, flooding and Ukraine-Russia war creating headwinds, Treasurer Josh Frydenberg is emphasising the "fiscal dividend of a stronger economy"

* Budget deficit estimated to be around $70 billion, instead of the $98.9 billion estimated in the mid-year budget review in December 2021

* Debt is edging towards $1 trillion, but budget papers will show it stabilising before declining in the medium term based on continuing economic growth

* Unemployment on four per cent (February official figure)

* Budget papers will give a conservative estimate of revenue from minerals such as coal and iron ore, despite them earning record prices

THE GOVERNMENT'S PLAN

* Keep in place a tax-to-GDP ratio at or below 23.9 per cent

* Infrastructure investment

* Boosting skills

* Driving new manufacturing

* Energy plan

* Digital economy

* Modest budget repair

* Improving service delivery and funding national security measures

HIP POCKET

* Expected temporary cut to fuel excise as much as 20 cents a litre

* "Targeted and proportionate" cost of living relief, possibly cash payments for low and middle-income earners

* First-home buyer guarantee scheme expanded from 20,000 to 50,000 places a year

* Bring forward of child care subsidy changes from July 1 to March 7, to cost around $224 million over the rest of 2021/22 and $670 million a year ongoing

* Pension and welfare payments rise from March 20, benefiting 4.9 million people and costing the budget $2.2 billion extra over the year

* No bringing forward of high-end income tax cuts

* Extension of the 50 per cent reduction in minimum drawdown requirements until June 30, 2023, for self-funded retirees

BUSINESS

* $1.85 billion in cash flow support for 2.3 million small businesses by lowering tax instalments in 2022/23

ENVIRONMENT

* $800 million over 10 years for strategic and scientific research and exploration in Antarctica

* $86 million forestry industry support

* $60 million for recycling modernisation

BIOSECURITY

* National biosecurity strategy

DEFENCE

* $10 billion over two decades set aside for an east coast submarine base in Queensland or NSW

* $4.3 billion to help build a new dry dock facility in Henderson, Western Australia, with construction to start in 2023

* Total defence spending expected to be around 2.1 per cent of GDP

* $282 million in the Northern Territory for 34 capability projects, and maintenance and servicing work

* $875 million for 234 defence site projects including barracks and airfields

* Support for Ukraine military forces

INFRASTRUCTURE

* Total spend to exceed $120 billion over decade

* Extra spending for states and territories: Queensland ($3.9 billion), NSW ($3.3 billion), Victoria ($3.3 billion), SA ($2.8 billion), WA ($2.1 billion), Tasmania ($639 million), ACT ($51 million), NT ($361 million)

* $500 million for Urannah dam in central Queensland

* $678 million for the sealing of 1000km of the Outback Way

* $2.26 billion for Adelaide's North-South corridor motorway

* $40 million for bridges

* $74 million top-up for Perth city deal

* $668 million for southeast Queensland city deal

* $5.4 billion for Hells Gates dam in north Queensland

WOMEN

* $189 million over five years to strengthen prevention and early-intervention efforts in family, domestic and sexual violence

* $104 million to prevent technology and devices being used to perpetrate or facilitate family, domestic and sexual violence

RED TAPE

* $128.5 million reform package to provide greater certainty around environmental protection and streamline assessments

* Deregulation using international safety standards to save businesses $136 million a year

* Waiving of fees and taxes for reef-based industries over 2022/23 financial year

HEALTH

* Medicare to cost around $126 billion over four-year forward estimates

* Four-year rolling funding agreement and annual increases from July 1, 2023, for Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Services

* $61.2 million for the Australian Genomic Cancer Medical Centre to research and develop drugs for people with advanced cancers

* $315 million over four years to extend the national ice drug action strategy

* $700 million for regional health specialist training

* $375 million WA cancer centre

* Additional $52.3 million over four years for Lifeline services

* $58 million endometriosis package

* $206.5 million for youth mental health

EDUCATION/SKILLS

* $365.3 million to support an extra 35,000 apprentices and trainees getting into jobs

* $6.4 billion for independent schools, growing to $8.5 billion by 2029

* $1.2 billion over four years for an expanded Transition to Work employment service for disadvantaged youth

* Support for Indigenous boarding students

RESEARCH

* Critical minerals industry to get $200 million Accelerator grants program, $50 million to support research and development, and an updated industry strategy

MANUFACTURING

* $55.4 million for BlueScope Steel's Advanced Steel Manufacturing Precinct around the Port Kembla steelworks

* Support for Moderna to build manufacturing plant for the production of mRNA vaccines.

Australian Associated Press